Territorial Barking If your dog often barks when a stranger or new dog approaches your home or yard, accompanied by a stiff body and possibly even raised hackles, it is a definite sign of protecting their territory. Often this happens when someone comes to the front door or merely just walks by.
Greeting. On the other hand, your dog may really just love meeting new people! A dog who wants to say “Hi” to everyone, whether it's the gardener or a stranger at the park, may bark their greeting. Greet barking is accompanied by tail wagging, whining, jumping, and other friendly gestures.
Dogs that bark at strangers can be demonstrating territorial barking. This type of barking can occur when your dog sees strangers as a possible threat. While a bark that communicates an alert may be ok, some dogs overdo it. This is especially true in dogs who are fearful and anxious as they tend to be more reactive.
Barking, an inherited trait for dogs, is their method of communication with other animals and people. While dogs will bark for a number of different reasons, many owners find it helpful to teach their dog to bark at strangers as this notifies the owner that someone unfamiliar to the dog is at the door.
When a dog barks at strangers, it is generally an arousal response as a way to communicate an alert, a way to show fear, or as an act of protection. This bark can be reinforced by your behavior, by other dogs barking, or can even be self-reinforced as dogs will wind themselves up.
If you have a dog that has suddenly stopped barking or appears to be trying to bark without making any noise, it could be that too much barking has strained his voice. Recent surgery is another reason your dog might be more silent than normal, or he simply might not be feeling well.
How to Teach a Dog to Bark at a Stranger
Diverting Attention in Public Once your dog notices the stranger, the best way to stop this is to calmly turn around and walk in a different direction, avoiding any chance of engaging. Keep treats with you, that way you can reward your dog after they have stopped barking.
They bark to talk to other dogs, to alert you to potential danger, because they are scared or frustrated, and for any number of perfectly good reasons. One of these is to bark whenever strangers are around the outside of your home.
During your puppy's socialization period, which lasts from about 6 to12 weeks of age, she may bark at anything unfamiliar, including people and noises. Your puppy may repeat this behavior at a later period, starting at about four to six months of age.
Whenever your dog starts barking at a stranger, go closer to them, gently grab their muscle, and command them to be “Quiet.” This method is effective but you need to be careful not to shout as it may lead to negative reinforcement. Once they remain quiet, take your hands off their muzzle and reward them with a treat.
If your dog doesn't automatically bark at the noise, go to the door with him and give the "speak" command. Provide a treat when he does so, then repeat a few times until he knows to bark at the sound of the doorbell or a knock on the door. Teach the difference between a stranger and a friend.
Often times, dogs that did not have a lot of human interaction and attention as a puppy will bark at other humans because they aren't as familiar with how to act around them and don't have an established background of trust.
The most common reason dogs bark at people on walks is due to fear or feeling unsure. The dog could be afraid of new people or certain types of people (children, people on bikes, men, people wearing hats). Or, the dog could simply be startled easily by new things in general.
In fact, many dogs will bark because they want to play and share a positive experience. When a stranger approaches, the dog my even feel positively towards them. In these cases, the dog may bark out of excitement or a desire to play. Again, this is why looking at the body language of your dog is also so important.