At minimum, two sterile centrifuge tubes or specimen cups can be used to collect semen as it is ejaculated (for the combined first and second fractions and for the third fraction). The most common method for semen collection in the dog is by digital stimulation.
Gently slide the prepuce, the skin covering the penis back to expose the bulb of the penis, Slide the lubricated collection sleeve onto his penis and hold gentle steady pressure above the bulb of the penis to encourage an erection. Allow him to thrust or if he needs encouragement, stimulate above the bulb of the penis.
Semen samples may be collected from male dogs for the purposes of artificial insemination, cryopreservation or diagnosis. The materials needed for semen collection depend on which method is used and the collector's level of expertise with this procedure.
It does no good to freeze from a dog with lower motility. If it is good, they freeze it and then thaw out one of the straws or pellets to see how much semen survived the freezing process. You want that number to be above 50%. If it's in the high 80's, only one or two straws are necessary.
The pre-sperm fraction arises from the prostate and urethral glands, and is believed to cleanse the urethra of contaminants (urine, bacteria and cellular debris) prior to ejaculation The second or sperm-rich fraction originates in the cauda of the epididymis where spermatozoa are stored.
If absolutely necessary, a male can be collected daily for 3 – 5 days in a row (depending on the male's daily sperm output) without completely depleting sperm stores. It is better not to do more than one natural breeding daily unless it has been determined that there are adequate sperm numbers to do this.
The banks pay Rs 500 to Rs 1,000 per semen sample. So donors can make Rs 4,000 to Rs 8,000 a month if they donate twice a week, which is the maximum permitted (see box for other restrictions). The students make good use of the money.
Although pregnancies can be achieved with fewer sperm, a minimum of 200 million motile sperm is usually recommended for intravaginal artificial insemination in dogs. Doing so is expected to yield normal pregnancy rates and litter size.
For bitches less than 10 pounds (5 kg) 1.5 to 3 mls of semen are required per insemination. For bitches 10 to 50 pounds (5 to 25 kg), 3 to 5 mls of semen is necessary. For bitches over 50 pounds (25 kg), 5 to 8 mls of semen is necessary.
However, the journey from the man's testicle to the woman's uterus is long and arduous. After ejaculation, a single sperm cell measuring only 0.5 mm needs to swim over 152 mm from the base of the cervix to the egg for fertilization. Not every sperm is up to the task.
It takes just one sperm to fertilize a woman's egg. Keep in mind, though, for each sperm that reaches the egg, there are millions that don't. On average, each time men ejaculate they release nearly 100 million sperm.
A single 0.5-ml straw of semen frozen will usually contain a minimum of 50 to 60 million motile sperm.
The donation process is simple. The man walks into a private room which is usually stocked with pornography and masturbates into a sterile container. The semen sample is collected from the container and is mixed with a cryopreservative solution, divided in aliquots, sealed in vials and frozen with liquid nitrogen.
Chalazae (kuh-LAY-zee) – Ropey strands of egg white which anchor the yolk in place in the center of the thick white. There are two chalazae anchoring each yolk, on opposite ends of the egg. They are neither imperfections nor beginning embryos.
However in situations where the stud dog has excellent quality semen it may be kept chilled for up to 10 to 14 days by using the Semen Separating Solution and the FRESH EXPRESS Extender. Please note: If you need to store semen longer, consider freezing the semen. Frozen semen can be stored indefinitely.